Since the landmark discovery that a bacterial defense mechanism could be repurposed into programmable “molecular scissors,” CRISPR-Cas9 gene-editing technology has undergone a major evolution. Over ...

CRISPR/Cas9 is a gene editing tool that has revolutionized biomedical research and led to the first FDA-approved CRISPR-based gene therapy. However, until now, the precise mechanism of exactly how ...

CRISPR functions as a programmable genetic memory system derived from bacterial immune defenses against viral infections. Guide RNA allows for rapid multiplexed targeting compared to older ...

CRISPR-Cas systems are the only known acquired immune systems in bacteria. They can store genetic information from attacking phages—viruses that infect bacteria—to combat future infections. In CRISPR ...

In nature, the best-known CRISPR system, CRISPR-Cas9, cuts any RNA or DNA it recognizes as foreign, and thereby protects bacteria from viral attacks. Another CRISPR system, one that is relatively ...