Assumption: All peak broadening is attributed to crystallite size effects unless instrumental broadening (β instr) is provided. For peaks with significant strain broadening, consider the ...

X-ray diffraction (XRD) is a powerful non-destructive analytical technique used to evaluate crystalline materials and determine their structural properties. As one of the most widely used ...

Calcined Petroleum Coke (CPC) is a graphite-based material commonly used in metallurgy, aluminum production, and fuel production. It is a raw petroleum coke derivative created during high-temperature ...

XRD works by directing X-rays onto a crystalline material and analyzing the angles and intensities of the diffracted beams. The atomic planes within the crystal act as a three-dimensional grating, ...