Common infantile hemangioma appears postnatally, grows rapidly, and regresses slowly. Two types of congenital vascular tumors present fully grown at birth and behave differently from infantile ...

Background. Hypoglycemic episodes are infrequent in individuals without a history of diabetes mellitus or bariatric surgery. When hypoglycemia does occur in such individuals, an uncommon but important ...

The type 1 IGF receptor (IGF-IR) is activated by two ligands, IGF-1 and IGF-2, and by insulin at supraphysiological concentrations. It plays a significant role in the growth of normal and abnormal ...

Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) are peptide hormones that are primarily involved in stimulating the growth of many types of cells. They participate in the growth and function of almost every organ ...

Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) are involved in growth and tissue development, including diseases such as type-2 diabetes and cancers. However, their roles in lineage specification, especially in ...

Opioid addiction is a major social, economic, and medical problem worldwide. Long-term adverse consequences of chronic opiate exposure not only involve the individuals themselves but also their ...

Since its discovery over 50 years ago, the biological aspects of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) have been determined to be extensive. Ranging from cell proliferation, cell differentiation and ...